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Razvijanje digitalnih kompetenc študentov razrednega pouka pri pouku kemije


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                  Developing Digital Competences During Chemistry Courses
                  for Pre-Service Primary Teachers with the Titration Screen
                  Experiments Application
                  The present article examines the development of digital competences in pre-
                  service primary school teachersby integrating the Titration Screen Experiment
                  virtual laboratory into a university chemistry course. The study surveyed 49
                  students to evaluate their experiences with the application. Results indicate
                  that nearly 90 of students lacked prior experience with virtual laboratories,
                  highlighting a significant gap in their previous education. Nevertheless, the
                  application proved highly effective for understanding the concept of titration
                  and served as an excellent preparation for further practical experiments in a
                  real laboratory. Students primarily focused on procedural knowledge, often
                  overlooking the problem-based context of the simulation. They critically as-
                  sessed the app’s usability, noting both its benefits (e.g., visualisation, realism)
                  and drawbacks (e.g., a language barrier). The study concludes that using vir-
                  tual laboratoriesin teacher education isa valuable strategy for enhancing both
                  scientific knowledge and the digital competences necessary for effectively im-
                  plementing technology in future science classrooms.
                  Keywords: virtual laboratory, titration, STEM, digital competences, pre-service
                  primary teachers








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