Page 293 - International Perspectives on Effective Teaching and Learning in Digital Education

The Use of Simulations for the Development of Cultural Competencies in Nursing Education

for the acquisition of cultural competencies is still a relatively unexplored area
(Ozkara San, 15). Therefore, the aim of this integrative literature review is to
determine the effectiveness and established use of simulations as a teaching
and learning method for acquiring cultural competencies.
Based on this aim, we have formulated the following research questions:

1. What types of simulators and learning objectives have been most com-
monly identified for developing cultural competencies among nursing
students and professionals?
. Which learning elements (knowledge, skills, attitudes and cultural
sensitivity and awareness) are best developed through simulations
in the training of cultural competencies among nursing students and
professionals?

Materials and Methods
A comprehensive integrative literature review was conducted (Whittemore &
Knafl, 5) to encompass both experimental and non-experimental studies,
thereby aiming to garner a comprehensive understanding of the extant ev-
idence concerning the utilisation of simulation as an educational tool in the
cultivation of cultural competence in nursing students.

Method of Review
The literature search was carried out in the international databases CINAHL,
PubMed and Science Direct. By combining the keywords and using Boolean
operators (AND, OR), we formulated the following search strategy: (simula-
tion* OR Patient simulat* OR Standardized patient* OR Computer-based sim-
ulation* OR Screen based simulation*) AND (Cultural* competen* OR Trans-
cultural education OR Multicultural education OR Cultur* care) AND (Nursing
OR Nursing student*). The asterisk (*) represents all possible attachments to
the root of the word. We included literature published from January 1 to
December 3. The inclusion criteria used are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 nclusion criteria for the literature search
Inclusion criteria
Topic Cultural competence, simulation, transcultural nursing.
Type of publication Original and review scientific article
Accessibility Full text accessible
Population Nursing students
Publication time period 1–3
Language English

93