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Marina Dobnik, Rok Vatovec, and Matej Plevnik

                even in cases where statistically significant reductions in injury incidence
                have not yet been demonstrated. From an applied perspective, the most
                defensible approach is therefore to regard these programmes as struc-
                tured frameworks that coaches can implement consistently, adapt ac-
                cording to athlete level and discipline-specific demands, and progres-
                sively refine using information derived from movement screening, injury
                surveillance, and training-load monitoring.
                  Overall, structured preventive warm-ups in combat sports are most
                likely to be effective when they are time-efficient, sport-representative,
                regularly implemented, and delivered with a strong emphasis on move-
                ment quality and coaching feedback. Future research should prioritise
                well-powered prospective intervention studies, particularly in underrep-
                resented groups such as women and recreational athletes, in order to
                clarify which programme components contribute most strongly to injury
                reduction and how implementation strategies can maximise adherence
                and long-term sustainability.



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