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Marina Dobnik, Rok Vatovec, and Matej Plevnik

                Table 8.1 Comparison of Injury-Prevention Warm-Up Programmes
                        in Combat Sports
                Item      Wrestling Plus  IPPON      IPW          MASS-12
                Developer  United World  Amber L. von  Jon Bell, Mark I. Wendi Bacon
                          Wrestling    Gerhardt and  Johnson, Kenzie and Rowan Wil-
                          (UWW) in col-  colleagues (von  Friesen, Saam  son(Bacon&
                          laboration   Gerhardt et al.,  Falahati and  Wilson, 2024)
                          with a research  2023)     Ashley Jones,
                          group (Gioftsi-            plus knowl-
                          dou et al., 2015)          edge transfer
                                                     group (Bell et
                                                     al., 2024)
                Primary   Wrestling    Judo          Grappling    Striking combat
                sport     (freestyle)                sports       sports (karate,
                                                                  taekwondo,
                                                                  kickboxing,
                                                                  other standing
                                                                  sports)
                Type of   Grappling    Grappling     Grappling    Striking/stand-
                discipline                                        ing disciplines
                Possible  Also applicable  Also applicable  Grappling  Potentially also
                use       to other grap-  to other grap-  sports  in other sports
                          pling sports (ju- pling sports          with explosive
                          do, Brazilian  (wrestling, ju-          striking and
                          jiu-jitsu, sam-  do, Brazilian          changes of di-
                          bo, etc.)    jiu-jitsu, sam-            rection
                                       bo, etc.)
                Aim       Injury preven-  Judo-specific  Evidence-based Evidence-based
                          tion, plus im-  prevention  proposal to re-  prehabilitation/
                          provement of  (shoulder, knee, duce injuries  warm-up to re-
                          neuromuscular  ankle)      in grappling  duce common
                          control                    sports       injuries in strik-
                                                                  ing sports
                                                      Continued on the following page

                jumps, and rapid directional changes are common, programmes such
                as MASS-12 place greater emphasis on biomechanical retraining – par-
                ticularly hip-knee-ankle alignment – alongside trunk and pelvic stability
                and dynamic balance to address typical non-contact and overuse injury
                profiles.
                  This contribution also highlights thatthe currentevidencebase varies
                considerably across programmes. Some protocols are supported by sig-

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