Page 31 - Petelin Ana. Ur. 2022. Zdravje otrok in mladostnikov / Health of children and adolescents. Proceedings. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem/University of Primorska Press
P. 31
0; Freedson, Pober & Janz, 2005; Toftager et al., 2013). The devices are more amount and intensity of physical activity of a group of gymnasts 31
reliable and valid methods for assessing the frequency, duration and intensi-
ty of PA in children and adolescents (Borghese et al., 2017; Duncan et al., 2020;
Duncan et al., 2018; Toftager et al., 2013), instead of alternative methods such
as self-reports (Duncan et al., 2020; Freedson et al., 2005; Huber et al., 2019).
Studies conducted on children and adolescents suggest different wear-
ing duration for the accelerometer: a) at least 3 days (Cooper et al., 2015; Fair-
clough et al., 2012; Konstabel et al., 2014), b) some of them suggest at least 4
days (Hallal et al., 2012; Nader et al., 2008; Pfitzner, Gorzelniak, Heinrich, von
Berg, et al., 2013), c) 5 days (Volmut et al., 2021) or even 7 days (Borghese et al.,
2017; Chung, A. E., Cockrell Skinner, A., Steiner, M. J., Perrin, 2012; Fairclough
et al., 2012; Guthold et al., 2010; Mâsse et al., 2005; McLellan et al., 2020; Nader
et al., 2008; Pfitzner, Gorzelniak, Heinrich, von Berg, et al., 2013; Riddoch et al.,
2007; Toftager et al., 2013) The duration of wearing the device during the day is
also important to obtain valid data of PA and sedentary. Most studies conduct-
ed recommended at least 8 hours of valid recording time per day (Cooper et al.,
2015; Konstabel et al., 2014) to avoid loss of data from participants who used
minimum of 10 hours per day (Borghese et al., 2017; Fairclough et al., 2012; Hal-
lal et al., 2012; McLellan et al., 2020; Pfitzner et al., 2013; Riddoch et al., 2007).
Despite the difference in waking wear time per day and wearing peri-
od (the number of days), some study used calculation only per weekday dur-
ing specific period of the day (before school, during school, after school, early
evening and evening) (Catellier et al., 2005; Fairclough et al., 2012; Konstabel et
al., 2014a; McLellan et al., 2020), the other studies compare differences between
weekday and weekend day (Borghese et al., 2017; Catellier et al., 2005; Kons-
tabel et al., 2014; McLellan et al., 2020; Nader et al., 2008; Pfitzner et al., 2013;
Toftager et al., 2013; Volmut et al., 2021).
The aim of our study was to investigate whether our sample of gymnasts
achieves the daily recommendations of PA. We hypothesized that there would
be differences in mean of MVPA between weekdays and weekends. We also hy-
pothesized that our sample would be less more active and less sedentary than
their peers, which has already been found in several studies.
Methods
Participants
The sample consisted of twenty-nine female gymnasts (Salto Club from the
coastal region), from whom we obtained 25 useful data. The participants were
aged between 8 and 16 years (12.26 ± 2.21 years; body height 152.08 ± 11.33; body
weight 43.74 ± 8.69; BMI 18.70 ± 1.59). Prior to the experiment, we presented the
study to the coaches and the parents or legal guardians of the participants. The
parents or legal guardians of all participants gave written informed consent to
participate in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Dec-
reliable and valid methods for assessing the frequency, duration and intensi-
ty of PA in children and adolescents (Borghese et al., 2017; Duncan et al., 2020;
Duncan et al., 2018; Toftager et al., 2013), instead of alternative methods such
as self-reports (Duncan et al., 2020; Freedson et al., 2005; Huber et al., 2019).
Studies conducted on children and adolescents suggest different wear-
ing duration for the accelerometer: a) at least 3 days (Cooper et al., 2015; Fair-
clough et al., 2012; Konstabel et al., 2014), b) some of them suggest at least 4
days (Hallal et al., 2012; Nader et al., 2008; Pfitzner, Gorzelniak, Heinrich, von
Berg, et al., 2013), c) 5 days (Volmut et al., 2021) or even 7 days (Borghese et al.,
2017; Chung, A. E., Cockrell Skinner, A., Steiner, M. J., Perrin, 2012; Fairclough
et al., 2012; Guthold et al., 2010; Mâsse et al., 2005; McLellan et al., 2020; Nader
et al., 2008; Pfitzner, Gorzelniak, Heinrich, von Berg, et al., 2013; Riddoch et al.,
2007; Toftager et al., 2013) The duration of wearing the device during the day is
also important to obtain valid data of PA and sedentary. Most studies conduct-
ed recommended at least 8 hours of valid recording time per day (Cooper et al.,
2015; Konstabel et al., 2014) to avoid loss of data from participants who used
minimum of 10 hours per day (Borghese et al., 2017; Fairclough et al., 2012; Hal-
lal et al., 2012; McLellan et al., 2020; Pfitzner et al., 2013; Riddoch et al., 2007).
Despite the difference in waking wear time per day and wearing peri-
od (the number of days), some study used calculation only per weekday dur-
ing specific period of the day (before school, during school, after school, early
evening and evening) (Catellier et al., 2005; Fairclough et al., 2012; Konstabel et
al., 2014a; McLellan et al., 2020), the other studies compare differences between
weekday and weekend day (Borghese et al., 2017; Catellier et al., 2005; Kons-
tabel et al., 2014; McLellan et al., 2020; Nader et al., 2008; Pfitzner et al., 2013;
Toftager et al., 2013; Volmut et al., 2021).
The aim of our study was to investigate whether our sample of gymnasts
achieves the daily recommendations of PA. We hypothesized that there would
be differences in mean of MVPA between weekdays and weekends. We also hy-
pothesized that our sample would be less more active and less sedentary than
their peers, which has already been found in several studies.
Methods
Participants
The sample consisted of twenty-nine female gymnasts (Salto Club from the
coastal region), from whom we obtained 25 useful data. The participants were
aged between 8 and 16 years (12.26 ± 2.21 years; body height 152.08 ± 11.33; body
weight 43.74 ± 8.69; BMI 18.70 ± 1.59). Prior to the experiment, we presented the
study to the coaches and the parents or legal guardians of the participants. The
parents or legal guardians of all participants gave written informed consent to
participate in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Dec-
