Page 10 - Petelin Ana. Ur. 2022. Zdravje otrok in mladostnikov / Health of children and adolescents. Proceedings. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem/University of Primorska Press
P. 10
avje otrok in mladostnikov | health of children and adolescents 10 at the forced pace. Results: Slovenian students completed an average of
33.4 (SD = 12.9) stages of the test, while Austrian students completed
an average of 26.7 (SD = 11.8) stages. Analysis of the results shows
that Slovenian students completed on average almost 7 more stages
than Austrian students. Boys and girls did not differ among either
Slovenian or Austrian students. Because of the abnormally distributed
data, we used the alternative nonparametric Mann Whitney U test to
detect statistically significant differences between students. Slovenian
students performed statistically significantly better than Austrian
students (U = 373.0, p = 0.028). Discussion and conclusions: Based on the
results, we conclude that systematic planning of the subject of physical
education, which requires in-depth and systematic planning by the
teacher, contributes significantly to the development of aerobic power.
Aerobic power is an indicator of endurance, which is one of the most
important factors for health. Despite the many indirect influences on the
development of aerobic power, we believe that the teacher plays a more
important role in its development than he may realize.
Keywords: endurance, aerobic power, conception and implementation,
first triad
Introduction
Endurance is a functional ability of a person that enables him or her to per-
form an activity for a long period of time without having to interrupt it due to
fatigue (Škof, 2010; Retar, 2019). Endurance is usually divided into aerobic and
anaerobic based on the predominant way the ATP molecule is obtained (Patel,
2017). Aerobic or cardiovascular endurance is increased in any activity that is
performed over a long period of time, continuously, and in a cyclic loading pat-
tern, as is typical for swimming, running, cycling, cross-country skiing, etc.
(Bishop, 2010). The main limiting factor of aerobic endurance is maximal oxy-
gen uptake (Ušaj, 2014), which is measured in laboratories using a special pro-
tocol and while wearing a special mask that allows calculation of oxygen con-
sumption based on gas exchange (Insel, Walton, and Fahey, 2017).
Measuring aerobic endurance in the laboratory is obviously not possible
in schools because of the large number of students. Therefore, a series of tests
were developed and the results were compared with the results of the laborato-
ry tests. The compared results indicated which tests should be performed with
repetitive movements and in what manner in a natural environment to obtain
the most comparable results. It turned out (Lang et al., 2016) that the “Beep
Test” is the most reliable and widely used test for measuring aerobic perfor-
mance in recent years, as it is performed in more than 50 countries and is also
part of the EUROFIT measurement battery. Neville et al. (2021) state that the
“Beep Test” is the so-called gold standard for measuring aerobic performance
in schools. The same authors emphasize the ease of use in schools, the impor-
tance of performing the test with several students at the same time, the good
control of performance, the affordability, the importance of proven compara-
33.4 (SD = 12.9) stages of the test, while Austrian students completed
an average of 26.7 (SD = 11.8) stages. Analysis of the results shows
that Slovenian students completed on average almost 7 more stages
than Austrian students. Boys and girls did not differ among either
Slovenian or Austrian students. Because of the abnormally distributed
data, we used the alternative nonparametric Mann Whitney U test to
detect statistically significant differences between students. Slovenian
students performed statistically significantly better than Austrian
students (U = 373.0, p = 0.028). Discussion and conclusions: Based on the
results, we conclude that systematic planning of the subject of physical
education, which requires in-depth and systematic planning by the
teacher, contributes significantly to the development of aerobic power.
Aerobic power is an indicator of endurance, which is one of the most
important factors for health. Despite the many indirect influences on the
development of aerobic power, we believe that the teacher plays a more
important role in its development than he may realize.
Keywords: endurance, aerobic power, conception and implementation,
first triad
Introduction
Endurance is a functional ability of a person that enables him or her to per-
form an activity for a long period of time without having to interrupt it due to
fatigue (Škof, 2010; Retar, 2019). Endurance is usually divided into aerobic and
anaerobic based on the predominant way the ATP molecule is obtained (Patel,
2017). Aerobic or cardiovascular endurance is increased in any activity that is
performed over a long period of time, continuously, and in a cyclic loading pat-
tern, as is typical for swimming, running, cycling, cross-country skiing, etc.
(Bishop, 2010). The main limiting factor of aerobic endurance is maximal oxy-
gen uptake (Ušaj, 2014), which is measured in laboratories using a special pro-
tocol and while wearing a special mask that allows calculation of oxygen con-
sumption based on gas exchange (Insel, Walton, and Fahey, 2017).
Measuring aerobic endurance in the laboratory is obviously not possible
in schools because of the large number of students. Therefore, a series of tests
were developed and the results were compared with the results of the laborato-
ry tests. The compared results indicated which tests should be performed with
repetitive movements and in what manner in a natural environment to obtain
the most comparable results. It turned out (Lang et al., 2016) that the “Beep
Test” is the most reliable and widely used test for measuring aerobic perfor-
mance in recent years, as it is performed in more than 50 countries and is also
part of the EUROFIT measurement battery. Neville et al. (2021) state that the
“Beep Test” is the so-called gold standard for measuring aerobic performance
in schools. The same authors emphasize the ease of use in schools, the impor-
tance of performing the test with several students at the same time, the good
control of performance, the affordability, the importance of proven compara-
