Page 57 - Herojska doba Histrov

Herojska doba Histrov

povezano s kulturo pitja vina, z različnimi obredi ali zaba- Numerous products were introduced in the period that
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vami. Najpogosteje so bile uporabljene med simpozijem in preceded the 6 and 5 centuries BCE, primarily imports
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pogostitvami, kjer so njihovi barviti oblikovni detajli oživljali of pottery, dominated by Este and Soča River valley ce-
izbiro posod za sortiranje, mešanje, nalivanje in pitje vina. ramic situlae, chalices, drinking cups, and Daunian luxury
Vrč v obliki ženske glave iz Nezakcija (Mihovilić 2002; 2004; painted pottery – vessels also used as urns (cat. nos.
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2014, 262–264), kot tudi večina drugih znanih vrčkov tega 36, 49–51, 74–76, 95–103, 131–132, 180). The 5 cen-
tipa, je nedvomno imel častno mesto v slovesnostih kultu- tury BCE saw the import of the first painted vases from
re Histrov in bogate nezakcijske družbe, o čemer pričajo the workshops of Greece and Magna Graecia, featuring
številne kovinske posode, še posebej figuralno okrašeni black–figure and red–figure decoration (Mihovilić 2002;
deli situl in njihovih pokrovov ter ciste in kotliči. 2004; 2014, 236–242, 256–264; 2021, 514–515). This ware
usually came in the form of wine cups and jugs (oinochoe)
Čeprav iz istrskih najdišč starejše železne dobe poznamo (cat. nos. 52, 104–105, 145, 151–152) associated with
številne bronaste posode za vino/vodo, t. i. situle, imamo the culture of wine–drinking, various rituals, and social
gatherings. They were most often used at symposia and
le v Nezakciju dokazano tudi situlsko umetnost (Mihovilić
feasts, where their lively forms animated the assortment
2014, 242–248). Gre za vrhunec likovnega ustvarjanja žele-
znodobnih skupnosti, izvedenega v bronu, tj. na bronastih of vessels used to sort, mix, pour, and drink wine. A jug in
the form of a woman’s head from Nesactium (Mihovilić
plaščih posod, a tudi na delih vojaške opreme in nakita.
2002; 2004; 2014, 262–264), like most other known jugs
Situlska umetnost je povezana z oblikovanjem železno- of this type, certainly held places of honour at Histrian
dobnih skupnosti in s profiliranjem aristokracije z vodilnim festivities and the opulent among Histrian society, as
slojem (princeps) v piramidalni shemi, saj je služila kot
borne out by the numerous metal ware and, above all,
medij za izražanje družbene moči in ekonomskega statusa
the fragments of situlae with figural decoration and their
(Perego 2013). Figuralno okrašeni predmeti so na specifi- lids, the cistae, and the kettles.
čen način spremljali in prikazovali situacije iz takratnega
materialnega, resničnega sveta, v funkciji predstavljanja Although we know of numerous bronze vessels for wine/
duhovnega in mitskega življenja heterogenih kultur. Ta water, i.e., situlae, from Istrian sites of the Early Iron Age,
umetnost specifičnega vizualnega jezika je cvetela od it is only from Nesactium that we have proper Situla art
7. do 3. stoletja pr. n. št., od Italije preko Alp in Donave (Mihovilić 2014, 242–248). This is the pinnacle of artwork
do severnega Jadrana (Turk 2005; Jereb 2016; Zaghetto in bronze of the Iron Age community, i.e., done on bronze
2018). Nezakcijski luksuzni primerki situl, z množico raz- sheet; usually of vessels, but also parts of military gear
ličnih likovnih vsebin in simboličnih prikazov, so izjemno and jewellery. Situla art is associated with structured Iron
dragoceni za razumevanje situlske umetnosti nasploh, pri Age society and the emergence of an aristocracy with
čemer izstopata situli s prikazom erotične scene in pred- a leading stratum (the princeps) in a pyramidal societal
vsem tista s prikazom pomorske bitke, unicum v celotnem arrangement, serving as a medium through which social
power and economic status was expressed (Perego 2013).
»situlskem svetu« (Mihovilić 1992; 1996, 45–48; 2001a,
Objects with figural decoration reflected and depicted in
100–101; 2005; 2014, 244–248) (kat. št. 109–115, 155).
a specific manner the situation of the material, real world
of the time, having the role of presenting the spiritual
V noši in repertoarju nakita prevladujejo manjše fibule,
and mythical life of heterogeneous cultures. This art,
protocertoške in že certoške fibule, fibule z dolgo nogo in
številne različice kačastih ter zoomorfnih fibul in fibule v and its specific visual vocabulary, flourished from the
7 to the 3 century BCE in Italy and – via the Alps and
rd
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obliki bojnih voz (kat. št. 17, 118–121, 166). Obseg, razli- The Heroic Age of The Histri
the Danube – in the northern Adriatic (Turk 2005; Jereb
čice in količina obeskov se znatno povečujejo. Še posebej
2016; Zaghetto 2018). The lavish situlae from Nesactium

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